Dextromethorphan is an NMDA receptor antagonist used to treat cases of dry cough. In this article, let’s find found: What is dextromethorphan? What is dextromethorphan used for? Contraindication What are the side effects of taking dextromethorphan? How does dextromethorphan work? How to use dextromethorphan? What is dextromethorphan? Dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant in over-the-counter cold and cough medicines.

It affects NMDA, glutamate-1, and sigma-1 receptors in the brain, all of which have been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. It was patented in 1949 and approved for medical use in 1953. What is dextromethorphan used for? Dextromethorphan is indicated in combination with brompheniramine and pseudoephedrine in the treatment of coughs and upper respiratory symptoms associated with allergies or the common cold.

Dextromethorphan is also used in combination with guaifenesin as an over-the-counter product to relieve a cough. Dextromethorphan in combination with quinidine is indicated in the treatment of pseudobulbar effect. Contraindication Because dextromethorphan can trigger a histamine release (allergic reaction), atopic children, who are especially susceptible to allergic reactions, should be administered dextromethorphan only if absolutely necessary, and only under the strict supervision of a healthcare professional.

Side effects Side effects of dextromethorphan at normal therapeutic doses can include: body rash/itching nausea vomiting drowsiness dizziness constipation diarrhea sedation confusion nervousness closed-eye hallucination Pharmacodynamic Dextromethorphan is an opioid-like molecule indicated in combination with other medication in the treatment of coughs and pseudobulbar affect.

It has a moderate therapeutic window, as intoxication can occur at higher doses. Dextromethorphan has a moderate duration of action. Patients should be counseled regarding the risk of intoxication. Mechanism of action Dextromethorphan is an agonist of NMDA and sigma-1 receptors. It is also an antagonist of α3/β4 nicotinic receptors.

However, the mechanism by which dextromethorphan’s receptor agonism and antagonism translates to a clinical effect is not well understood. Half-life Dextromethorphan has a half life of 3-30 hours. Dose Cough Liquid and syrup: 10-20 mg PO q4hr OR 30 mg q6-8hr Gel: 30 mg PO q6-8hr; not to exceed 120 mg/24hr Extended release: 60 mg PO q12hr; not to exceed 120 mg/24hr Lozenges: 5-15 mg PO q1-4hr; not to exceed 120 mg/day Strips: 30 mg PO q6-8hr; not to exceed 120 mg/day Safety advice Dextromethorphan is equipotent to codeine

as an antitussive and is a pregnancy category C medication. Dextromethorphan exposure in the first trimester has been studied, and no increased risk of malformations was detected. However, one study showed teratogenicity when dextromethorphan was injected into avian embryos. That’s all the information about dextromethorphan we collected.

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